Evolutionary biologists thought long to understand the connections health o meter digital scale bet

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Evolutionary biologists thought long to understand the connections health o meter digital scale between micro-evolution (adaptation to the environment), you can watch it both in nature and in the laboratory, and macro-evolution (speciation and the origin of the division of Hhiracih taxonomic above the level of species, and the evolution of complex organisms) that can not be easy to obtain evidence about it because they occur over a much longer life. The relationship between these processes is also a source of conflict between science and religious beliefs. Biologists often forget that Darwin proposed a way to solve the problem and that his proposal is now ripe for re-evaluation in light of recent research.
Charles Darwin and Alfred Russel Wallace established their insight that organisms have evolved through natural health o meter digital scale selection on four principles: First, organisms have variations individuality transferred successfully from parent to offspring; Second, health o meter digital scale all creatures give birth to more offspring than are needed to replace them with the next generation; Third, health o meter digital scale resources limited form 'struggle for existence' that regulates the size of the population, so that only the offspring die without reproducing, and fourth, that individuals that survive and reproduce are the best among the average health o meter digital scale individual variations, the local environment more suitable than those who did not survive.
Given these four principles - evolution by natural selection (the principle of demanding adjustments allowed with Darwin), health o meter digital scale is the natural result. These adjustments health o meter digital scale in the population over time henceforth referred micro evolution. Darwin expected that Hmikroabolotzih lead to gradual and continuous process.
The term macro-evolution, health o meter digital scale in contrast, refers to the origin of new species and taxonomic health o meter digital scale hierarchical distribution over the species level, and it is also the source of such complexity adjustments eyes of vertebrates. Macro Evolution poses a problem to Darwin because the principle of contract adjustments allowed with gradual transitions between small-scale adjustments Bakolsiot and large-scale phenomena. But there is little evidence of such a process in nature. Site, however, the natural world is usually characterized through gaps or discontinuities. One type of gaps treats for the perfect functioning of organs health o meter digital scale such as the eye or morphological innovations such as wings, both are in due to other creatures without leaving health o meter digital scale evidence health o meter digital scale of road development. Another category and ranks tenth species higher taxonomic health o meter digital scale hierarchy separated by gaps with no evidence of transition between them. These gaps are in addition to the continuity of appearance and disappearance of the types in the fossil record health o meter digital scale between the conceptual gown creates Hmikroabolotzih and macro evolution.
Article published in the journal Nature, sheet released this week celebrating 200 years since the birth of Darwin, David Resnick specifications Biology Department at the University of California and Robert Riklfs the Department of Biology at the University of Missouri, many examples of variability, which included mainly extinctions and removal niches for various reasons such as climate variability, login New predators etc.. New ecological niches adjustment allows the acceleration of the adjustment process and the creation of new species.
An example of such a pattern of speciation Dynasties is the fastest split early in the history of life, after which came a gradual slowdown in the rate of fragmentation. Seeds of plant species developed health o meter digital scale resistance to radiation that fills the ecological niche that was left vacant after the mass extinction, for example, health o meter digital scale or spread into new matching region is made possible through a natural disaster that caused this area to be more accessible. Reproductive capacity is also limited new area serves as a barrier for further be split, causing a new species to appear.
As Darwin predicted the principle of divergence, rapid speciation is caused when the dynasty develops health o meter digital scale enabling it to cross match ecological boundaries. Examples include the repeated invasion of lightly health o meter digital scale salted water environments ancestors health o meter digital scale by a separate dynasty mangrove. Invasion health o meter digital scale moderate environments by lineages of trees frozen health o meter digital scale developed areas, health o meter digital scale and geographic expansion of deserts Bfatim new species of Humt (SHINK) living in the deserts of Australia due to drying climate. Timothy Barkley and his colleagues concluded studies showing other cases geographical spread on a large scale - eg splitting of one ancestor bats developed airport and currently contains more than 1,100 type species.
And of course, not to forget the major extinctions that at least for some proven that resulted from being hit by asteroids from space caused a chain reaction health o meter digital scale that included fires, followed by a nuclear winter, where the sky was covered with dust for months, which prevented sunlight in causing the collapse of ecosystems.
In summary health o meter digital scale writing Resnick and Riklfs that many people consider health o meter digital scale the book The Origin of Species beautiful health o meter digital scale fossil, but it is a living document that continues to offer insights and guide the modern research. It contains a wealth of ideas divided through the cracks of the modern synthesis, health o meter digital scale and when well updated, can provide inspiration to answer some of the questions still open evolutionary biology.
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